![]() ![]() 17 Interest in finding ways to improve sleep patterns of individuals at the population-level standpoint is growing, and experts recommend that sleep should be considered more seriously by public health bodies, ie, given as much attention and resources as nutrition and physical activity. 10, 11 For example, habitual short sleep duration has been associated with adverse health outcomes including obesity, 12 type 2 diabetes, 13 hypertension, 14 cardiovascular disease, 15 depression, 16 and all-cause mortality. 6– 9 Chronic insufficient sleep has become a concern in many countries, given its association with morbidity and mortality. 4, 5 Not getting enough sleep at night is generally associated with daytime sleepiness, daytime fatigue, depressed mood, poor daytime functioning, and other health and safety problems. 1– 3 Healthy sleep comprises many dimensions, including adequate duration, good quality, appropriate timing, and the absence of sleep disorders. ![]() Sleep is increasingly recognized as a critical component of healthy development and overall health. Sleep is not a waste of time and should receive the same level of attention as nutrition and exercise in the package for good health. However, it is important to continue to promote sleep health for all. In conclusion, the important inter-individual variability in sleep needs across the life cycle implies that there is no “magic number” for the ideal duration of sleep. Beyond sleep quantity, other important sleep characteristics should be considered such as sleep quality and sleep timing (bedtime and wake-up time). A generally valid assumption is that individuals obtain the right amount of sleep if they wake up feeling well rested and perform well during the day. Sleep duration recommendations (public health approach) are well suited to provide guidance at the population-level standpoint, while advice at the individual level (eg, in clinic) should be individualized to the reality of each person. However, the ideal amount of sleep required each night can vary between different individuals due to genetic factors and other reasons, and it is important to adapt our recommendations on a case-by-case basis. Sleep duration recommendations issued by public health authorities are important for surveillance and help to inform the population of interventions, policies, and healthy sleep behaviors. Sleep duration varies widely across the lifespan and shows an inverse relationship with age. The objective of this narrative review paper is to discuss about sleep duration needed across the lifespan. ![]()
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